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《泰坦尼克号》照片一组十四件

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11270

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拍卖公司：

北京保利

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2013秋季艺术品拍卖会

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世界名人字札专场

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铁达尼号于1912年4月10日从英国英格兰南部港口城市南安普顿出发，开往美国纽约。船长叫爱德华·约翰·史密斯，于日正午离开了南安普顿港，预定渡过北大西洋，直达美国纽约。当它即将起航时，另一艘停泊在附近的定期航船纽约号因为铁达尼号过大的船体，造成水流大量回填的吸引力使纽约号几乎撞上了铁达尼号的船体，导致了一小时的误点。启程后，铁达尼号先穿过英吉利海峡停泊在法国瑟堡，接纳了更多旅客，之后又停泊在了爱尔兰昆士敦，最终它载着1324乘客和892名甲板工作人员驶向纽约。铁达尼号将乘客分为三个等级。三等舱位在船身较下层也最便宜，这一类的乘客身份多为计划在大西洋对岸营造新生活的移民；二等舱与一般客房的装潢摆设，其实具备与当时其他一般船只的头等舱一样的等级，许多二等舱乘客原先是在其他船只上订位头等舱，却因为了铁达尼号的航行，将煤炭能源转移给铁达尼号而作罢；一等舱是整艘船只最为昂贵奢华的部分，当时世界最富有的几位名人就在这趟旅程上。较为有名的是当时的百万富翁（理论上是以英镑或是以美金计算）约翰·雅各布布布和他的妻子。美国丹佛女富翁马格列·布朗（Margaret Brown），1906年奥林匹克击剑奖牌得主Sir Cosmo Duff-Gordon与妻子，企业家Benjamin Guggenheim 。而白星邮轮的主管级人物J. Bruce Ismay以及总设计师托马斯·安德鲁斯（Thomas Andrews）也在这艘船的头等舱旅行。在4月14日晚上，船以21.5节的速度行驶，而当晚因天气寒冷，瞭望台人员的脸暴露在寒风中，影响了他们的视力，导致过晚报知前方有冰山，铁达尼号因而撞上了冰山。在与冰山碰撞的过程中，由于判断失误在高速航行下进行紧急转弯，结果变成转弯加上前进的同时，冰山撞击了船体，导致船底的铆钉承受不了撞击因而毁坏，当初制造时也有考虑铆钉的材质强度偏低，而在铆钉制造过程中加入了矿渣，但矿渣分布过密，因而使铆钉变得脆弱无法承受撞击，铆钉断裂后，海水涌进水密舱，当时铁达尼号水密舱最大承受极限为5个，而当时6个进水超过承受极限，加上第六个舱门发生火灾。最后由于进水量太多，造成船身40度倾斜，4月15日凌晨2时18分，船的第三和第四烟囟部分折断，船尾部分下坠。不久，断裂了的船头部分又拽住船尾一起下沉，将船尾拽成90度，之后船头和船尾才完全分离，船头先沉入大海，船尾垂直于水面漂浮，然后缓缓下沉，伴随着1522人沉入海底。在船的左舷，二副Lightroller命令救生船只载妇女和儿童，这种死板做法使得很多救生艇没装够人就放下。在右舷，一副Murdoch则在妇女优先逃生之后允许男性登艇。所以，在右舷获救的人数比在左舷获救的多。据统计头等、二等和三等舱内成年男性的获救率分别为33%、8%和16%。许多乘客虽然逃离了船身，但因为未能搭上救生船，而在沉船时一起被吸进海内，或者是泡在冰冷的摄氏零下2度海水中失温而死。不少乘客的尸体未能寻回，他们很有可能被困在船舱内活活淹死。4月15日凌晨4时0分，铁达尼号上生还的705名乘客被前往救援的卡帕西亚号（RMS Carpathia）接上船，并驶往纽约港。Lot 11278(1).美国艾森豪威尔威尔威尔总统的亲笔签名照。(2).美国艾森豪威尔威尔威尔总统在1952年12月为结束朝鲜战争,前往韩国战场, 于12月5日在战场写给夫人的家书,内文长达5页并渉及战争情境的重要且珍贵的历史信札。简单的说, 此信于1952年12月5日,也就是艾森豪威尔威尔威尔就任总统前一个多月,在韩国写给其妻子玛米（Mamie）的亲笔信札，而这一年的11月他才刚击败杜鲁门总统当上美国总统。由于后者将美国置身于韩战中而陷入僵局，因此艾森豪威尔威尔威尔威尔在竞选总统时，便提出他将会把美国军队撤出朝鲜，并结束战争。这封信就是艾森豪威尔威尔威尔威尔为兑现他的诺言，而在12月初抵达韩国首尔视察战争情况。这件珍贵的历史信札，艾森豪威尔威尔威尔提到在朝鲜战争期间，军方如何严谨安全的保护他，以及儿子约翰（John）抵达首尔和他同住，两人经过讨论，约翰计划二月底调动到日本…等诸多讯息，共五页，带有原始信封，另附上打字版英文。信中第一页说到”今晚我们会离开韩国，开始回家的长途跋涉。妳知道我们将巡航一星期，所以回程旅途将是缓慢的。若顺利，我期望到家在12月14日中午或晚一些。这里停留有其相当压力，主要因为当地军方是这么明显又严肃地以安全角度担忧，然而韩国官员却热烈举办盛大户外典礼伴随着众多人群。…”，信里后面艾森豪威尔威尔威尔告诉玛米，当晚他离开时间会是她在纽约星期五早上六点，而在她晚上的时候，应该可从报纸看到关于他们的行程，或许还会有他和约翰的照片。附信封，上有艾森豪威尔威尔威尔威尔本人亲笔手写的纽约地址，保存完好。原文My darlingTonight we leave Korea to start the homeward trek. As you know, we will be on a cruise for a week – so the trip back will be a slow one. I expect to be home, the Lord willing, on Dec. 14, at noon - or a little after. The stay here has had its strain, largely because the local military authorities are so obviously and seriously concerned as to the safety angle - while Korean officials have turned on the heat to stage a great out-door, ceremonial, mob scene.During the day (it is now 6:30 a.m.) Johnny will write you a letter - but he will not tell you, I'm sure, much about himself - so that's what I'll try to do.He got down here to Seoul by jeep plane the morning after I arrived. We've been living together since - and all the locals are very considerate of our opportunities to be by ourselves.He looks fine - and by all the indices that I can apply - he is fine! His K.O. thinks the world of him (gives him special delicate jobs, etc.) while the top seniors who have of course observed him closely, rate him as an A-1 officer. All the troops are well equipped for this bitter land and zero weather; food is good and all in all, the individual is as well taken care of as could possibly be expected in the prevailing war conditions.Johnny and I have talked over the various possibilities open to him in the ensuing months. His no. 1 priority choice is to stay with the Div. provided it appears likely that he will be assigned to a full ‘G’ position and so promoted to Lt. Col. He feels that such a promotion –earned in Korea would be of the greatest significance throughout his career! While he seems to feel that there is a faint chance of this – he’s only mildly hopeful.His next plan is as follow – (and we both think the most likely to be followed)(a)- He will ask for transfer to Japan at end of February.(b)- He will ask for quarters (govt) but these will not be available for about another 6 mos. Rather than wait for this he will rent a home at once. (I told him we’d help, if necessary, because Japanese rents are high).(c)- Then, he’d stay in Japan as long as he, Barbie & children really liked it – transportation is available to bring families over at any time and if you rent a home of your own you don’t have to wait.Of course, many things could change all this. A stepping up of the war – etc, etc. But we talked things over as they look now!He really needs nothing. At first he looked in consternation at all the things I bought him (wondering how in the world he’d ever get them back to his C.P) The General has said he’ll send a small trunk up – so all is well!Now, my love, I must go get breakfast and start a round of conferences. We’ve had two days jumping (by jeep plane) around the fort! All of today will be given over to conferences. Tonight I’ll leave, which will be Friday morning about 6:00 a.m. your time. We are exactly 14 hours ahead of you! By Friday evening you’ll see stories in the newspaper about our trips, with possibly pictures of Johnny & me.I love you and miss you. I pray you are in good health – and do not get too tired with the packing…泰坦尼克号由位于爱尔兰岛贝尔法斯特的哈兰德与沃尔夫（HarlandandWolff）造船厂兴建，这14张照片是当时该船厂收藏的一系列照片的一部分。编号No.s1558，1560，1569，1716，1721，1723，1724，1726，1731，23641